(PHP 3, PHP 4, PHP 5)

Returns the absolute value of number. If the
argument number is
of type float, the return type is also float,
otherwise it is integer (as float usually has a
bigger value range than integer).

Example 1. abs() example

$abs = abs(-4.2); // $abs = 4.2; (double/float)
$abs2 = abs(5);   // $abs2 = 5; (integer)
$abs3 = abs(-5);  // $abs3 = 5; (integer)

(PHP 3, PHP 4, PHP 5)

Returns the arc cosine of arg in radians.
acos() is the complementary function of
cos(), which means that
a==cos(acos(a)) for every value of a that is within
acos()’ range.

See also:
acosh(),
asin(), and
atan().

(PHP 4 >= 4.1.0, PHP 5)

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of
arg, i.e. the value whose
hyperbolic cosine is arg.

Note: This function is not
implemented on Windows platforms.

See also:
acos(),
asinh(), and
atanh().

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

Returns a string with backslashes before characters that are
listed in charlist parameter. If
charlist contains characters
\n, \r etc., they are
converted in C-like style, while other non-alphanumeric characters
with ASCII codes lower than 32 and higher than 126 converted to
octal representation.

Be careful if you choose to escape characters 0, a, b, f, n, r,
t and v. They will be converted to \0, \a, \b, \f, \n, \r, \t
and \v.
In PHP \0 (NULL), \r (carriage return), \n (newline) and \t (tab)
are predefined escape sequences, while in C all of these are
predefined escape sequences.

charlist like “\0..\37″, which would
escape all characters with ASCII code between 0 and 31.

Example 1. addcslashes() example

$escaped = addcslashes($not_escaped, "\0..\37!@\177..\377");

When you define a sequence of characters in the charlist argument
make sure that you know what characters come between the
characters that you set as the start and end of the range.

echo addcslashes('foo[ ]', 'A..z');
// output:  \f\o\o\[ \]
// All upper and lower-case letters will be escaped
// ... but so will the [\]^_` and any tabs, line
// feeds, carriage returns, etc.

echo addcslashes("zoo['.']", 'z..A');
// output:  \zoo['\.']

See also stripcslashes(),
stripslashes(),
addslashes(),
htmlspecialchars(), and
quotemeta().

(PHP 3, PHP 4, PHP 5)

Returns a string with backslashes before characters that need
to be quoted in database queries etc. These characters are
single quote (‘), double quote
(“), backslash (\)
and NUL (the NULL byte).

An example use of addslashes() is when you’re
entering data into a database. For example, to insert the name
O’reilly into a database, you will need to escape
it. Most databases do this with a \ which would
mean O\’reilly. This would only be to get the data
into the database, the extra \ will not be inserted.
Having the PHP directive magic_quotes_sybase set to on will mean
‘ is instead escaped with another
‘.

The PHP directive magic_quotes_gpc is on by default, and it
essentially runs addslashes() on all GET, POST,
and COOKIE data. Do not use addslashes() on
strings that have already been escaped with
magic_quotes_gpc as you’ll
then do double escaping. The function
get_magic_quotes_gpc() may come in handy for
checking this.

Example 1. An addslashes() example

$str = "Is your name O'reilly?";
 
// Outputs: Is your name O\'reilly?
echo addslashes($str);

See also stripslashes(),
stripcslashes(),
addcslashes(),
htmlspecialchars(),
quotemeta(), and
get_magic_quotes_gpc().

(PHP 4 >= 4.2.0)

Aggregates methods and properties defined in a class to
an existing object. Methods and properties with names starting with
an underscore character (_) are considered private to
the aggregated class and are not used, constructors are
also excluded from the aggregation procedure.

See also
aggregate_info(),
aggregate_methods(),
aggregate_methods_by_list(),
aggregate_methods_by_regexp(),
aggregate_properties(),
aggregate_properties_by_list(),
aggregate_properties_by_regexp(),
deaggregate()

(no version information, might be only in CVS)

Will return the aggregation information for a particular object
as an associative array of arrays of methods and properties. The
key for the main array is the name of the aggregated class.

For example the code below

Example 1. Using aggregate_info()

 
class Slicer {
    var $vegetable;
 
    function Slicer($vegetable) 
    {
        $this->vegetable = $vegetable;
    }
 
    function slice_it($num_cuts) 
    {
        echo "Doing some simple slicing\n";
        for ($i=0; $i < $num_cuts; $i++) {
            // do some slicing
        }
    }
}
 
class Dicer {
    var $vegetable;
    var $rotation_angle = 90;   // degrees
 
    function Dicer($vegetable) 
    {
        $this->vegetable = $vegetable;
    }
 
    function dice_it($num_cuts) 
    {
        echo "Cutting in one direction\n";
        for ($i=0; $i < $num_cuts; $i++) {
            // do some cutting
        }
        $this->rotate($this->rotation_angle);
        echo "Cutting in a second direction\n";
        for ($i=0; $i < $num_cuts; $i++) {
            // do some more cutting
        }
    }
 
    function rotate($deg) 
    {
        echo "Now rotating {$this->vegetable} {$deg} degrees\n";
    }
 
    function _secret_super_dicing($num_cuts) 
    {
        // so secret we cannot show you ;-)
    }
}
 
$obj = new Slicer('onion');
aggregate($obj, 'Dicer');
print_r(aggregate_info($obj));

Will produce the output

[properties] => Array
(
[0] => rotation_angle
)

)

)
As you can see, all properties and methods of the
Dicer class have been aggregated
into our new object, with the exception of the class
constructor and the method _secret_super_dicing

See also
aggregate(),
aggregate_methods(),
aggregate_methods_by_list(),
aggregate_methods_by_regexp(),
aggregate_properties(),
aggregate_properties_by_list(),
aggregate_properties_by_regexp(),
deaggregate()

(PHP 4 >= 4.2.0)

Aggregates all methods defined in a class to
an existing object, except for the class constructor, or methods
whose names start with an underscore character (_) which are
considered private to the aggregated class.

See also
aggregate(),
aggregate_info(),
aggregate_methods_by_list(),
aggregate_methods_by_regexp(),
aggregate_properties(),
aggregate_properties_by_list(),
aggregate_properties_by_regexp(),
deaggregate()

(PHP 4 >= 4.2.0)

Aggregates methods from a class to
an existing object using a list of method names. The optional parameter
exclude is used to decide whether the list
contains the names of methods to include in the aggregation (i.e.
exclude is FALSE, which is the default value),
or to exclude from the aggregation (exclude is
TRUE).

The class constructor or methods
whose names start with an underscore character (_), which are
considered private to the aggregated class, are always
excluded.

See also
aggregate(),
aggregate_info(),
aggregate_methods(),
aggregate_methods_by_regexp(),
aggregate_properties(),
aggregate_properties_by_list(),
aggregate_properties_by_regexp(),
deaggregate()

(PHP 4 >= 4.2.0)

Aggregates methods from a class to
an existing object using a regular expression to match method names.
The optional parameter
exclude is used to decide whether the regular
expression will select
the names of methods to include in the aggregation (i.e.
exclude is FALSE, which is the default value),
or to exclude from the aggregation (exclude is
TRUE).

The class constructor or methods
whose names start with an underscore character (_), which are
considered private to the aggregated class, are always
excluded.

See also
aggregate(),
aggregate_info(),
aggregate_methods(),
aggregate_methods_by_list(),
aggregate_properties(),
aggregate_properties_by_list(),
aggregate_properties_by_regexp(),
deaggregate()